National Reserve Bank of Tonga

Tu’utu’uni ki he Fokotu’utu’u Ngāue Fakapa’anga

Na’e tali ‘e he Poate ‘a e kau Talēkita ‘a e Pangikē Pule Fakafonua ‘o Tonga´ hili ‘enau fakataha ‘i he ‘aho 16 ‘o Mē 2018, ke kei hokohoko atu ai pē ‘a e ngaahi tu’utu’uni ngāue fakapa’anga lolotonga´ ‘a ia ‘oku hā atu ‘i lalo´. ‘Oku fakataumu’a eni ke ngāue’aki ‘a e hulu ‘i he pa’anga ngāue ‘a e ngaahi pangikē, ‘o fakafou mai ‘i hono tuku atu ‘a e ngaahi nō ki tu’a ke ne faka’ai’ai mo pātoloaki ‘a e tupu faka’ekonōmika ‘a e fonua´ pea mo tokoni ki he fakaakeake mei he saikolone fakatalopiki ko Gita (Tropical Cyclone Gita).

Na’e tuku mai ‘e he Potungāue Sitetisitika´ ‘a e fakafuofua ki he tu’unga totonu ‘o e tupu faka’ekonōmika ‘a Tonga΄ ni ko e peseti ‘e 5.0 ‘i he 2016/17, ‘a ia ko e tu‘unga ma’olunga taha eni kuo a’u ki ai talu meiˊhe ta‘u 1998/99.

Na’e fakahā ‘e he Kōvana ‘o e Pangikē Pule´, Sione Ngongo Kioa, na’e tokoni ‘a e ngaahi ngāue fakaakeake mei he Saikolone ko Gita´ ki he lelei ange ‘a e ngaahi ngāue faka’ekonōmika ‘i he lolotonga ‘o e māhina΄. ‘I he sekitoa ki he ngaahi ngāue´ (tertiary sector), na’e tupu ‘a e ngaahi nō kuo tuku atu´ ‘i he lolotonga ‘a e māhina´. Na’e lahiange mo e ngaahi koniteina na’e lesisita´ pea mo e toe tokolahi ange ‘o e kakai ne tu‘uta vakapuna mai ki Tongaˊni mei tu‘apule‘anga´. Na’e hoko ‘a e lahi ange ‘a e ngaahi tokoni me’a’ofa mo e toe kake ‘a e fefakatau’aki΄ ‘i he hili ‘a e saikolone΄ ke tokoni ia ki he toe lahi ange ‘o e ngaahi koniteina ne tū’uta mai ki Tonga ni΄. Na’e hiki hake 'a e lahi 'o e ngoue na’e uta ki tu'apule'anga΄ ‘o fakatupunga ia meiˊ he toe lahi ange ‘a hono hū atu ‘o e ngoue foha΄, tautautefito ki he ‘ufiˊ ‘o hā mahino mei heni ‘a e kamata ‘o e utu ta’uˊ. Na’e lahi ‘aupito mo hono hū atu ‘o e niu΄ he māhina ko Ma’asiˊ tupu meiˊhe lahi ‘o e niuˊ hili koia e matangiˊ. Na’e kei ‘i he tu’unga fakafiemālie pē ‘a e ngaahi ngāue ‘i he sekitoa ‘o e fakatupu koloa´ (secondary sector), tupu meiˊhe toe lahi ange ‘a e nō kuo tuku atu ki he langa fale taautaha´ pea mo e nō kuo tuku atu ki he ngaahi pisinisi ‘oku nau fa’u koloaˊ (manufacturing).

‘Oku kei ‘i he tu‘unga lelei ‘aupito ‘a e fai fatongia ‘a e ngaahi pangikē fakakomēsiale´, ‘o makatu‘unga meiˊhe tu‘unga fakafiemālie ‘a ‘enau tupu´ (profitability) pea pehē ki he kei ‘i he tu‘unga ma‘ulalo ai pē ‘a e ngaahi nō ‘oku palopalema´. Na‘e kake ‘a e pa‘anga ngāue (liquidity) ‘a e ngaahi pangikē ‘i Ma’asi ‘o makatu’unga meiˊhe lahi ange ‘a e fakahū pa’anga ‘a e ngaahi pangikē fakakomēsiale ki he Pangikē Pule΄ ‘o fenāpasi ia mo e holo ‘a e lahi ‘a e pa’anga ‘oku lolotonga ngāue’aki´ (currency in circulation). Na’e hiki si’i e lahi ‘o e ngaahi nō (kau ki ai ‘a e polokalama nō ‘a e pule’anga´) ‘i hono fakahoa ki he lahi ‘o e ngaahi fakahū pa‘anga´ (loans/deposit ratio) ‘i Ma’asi. Na’e tu’uma’u pē ‘a e lahi ‘o e ngaahi nō (‘ikai kau ki heni ‘a e polokalama nō ‘a e pule’anga´) ‘i hono fakahoa ki he lahi ‘o e ngaahi fakahū pa‘anga´ (loans/deposit ratio) ‘i Ma’asi. ‘Oku kei ma’ulalo pē ‘eni ‘i he tu’unga kuo tu’utu’uni ‘e he Pangikē Pule´ ke a’usia ‘e he ngaahi pangikē, ‘a ia ko e peseti ‘e 80. ‘Oku hā mahino mei heni ‘a e kei ‘i ai pē ‘a e faingamālie ke toe fakalahi ‘a e ngaahi nō ke tuku atu ‘e he ngaahi pangikē. Na’e kake ‘a e hulu ‘i he ‘avalisi ‘o e totongi tupu ‘i he nō mo e ‘avalisi ‘o e totongi tupu ‘i he fakahū pa’anga´ (weighted average interest rate spread) ‘i Ma’asiˊ. Na‘e makatu‘unga eni meiˊhe lahi ange ‘a e kake ‘i he ‘avalisi ‘o e totongi tupu ‘i he nō (weighted average lending rate) ‘i hono fakahoa ki he hiki ‘a e ‘avalisi ‘o e totongi tupu fakahū pa’anga´ (weighted average deposit rate).

Na‘e holo si’i ‘a e pa’anga talifaki ‘i muli´ (foreign reserves) ki he $447.7 miliona ‘i Ma’asi 2018, makatu‘unga meiˊ he lahiange ‘a e pa’anga na’e totongi ki he ngaahi sēvesi fakapolofesinaleˊ pea mo e hū koloa mai mei muli΄. ‘Oku fe‘unga ‘a e tu‘unga lolotonga ‘o e pa‘anga talifaki´ pea mo e māhina ‘e 8.01 ‘o e koloa mo e ngaahi ngāue hū mai mei muliˊ. ‘Oku kei ma’olunga pē eni ‘i he tu’unga ma’ulalo taha ‘oku fiema’u ‘e he Pangikē Pule´, ‘a ia ko e māhina ‘e 3 ki he 4 ‘o e koloa mo e ngaahi ngāue hū mai mei muli´.

‘Oku te’eki ke tuku mai ‘e he Potungāue Sitētisitika´ (Statistics Department) ‘a e fika ‘ofisiale ki he hikihiki ‘i he totongi fakalūkufua ‘o e koloa΄ ‘i Ma’asi. Ka ‘oku fakafuofua ‘e kei hokohoko atu ai pē ‘a e hikihiki ‘i he totongi koloaˊ ‘i he kaha’u vave maiˊ, makatu’unga mei he uesia ‘o e me’akai fakalotofonua´ ‘e he Saikolone ko Gita´ ‘i Fepueli. ‘Oku fakafuofua ‘e tupu ‘aki e peseti ‘e 4.0 ‘a e hikihiki fakata’u ‘i he totongi fakalūkufua ‘o e koloa΄ ‘i Ma’asi ‘o fakahoa ki he tupu fakata‘u peseti ‘e 3.4 ‘i Fepueli 2018. Ko e hikihiki ko ‘eni´ ‘oku makatu’unga ia mei he fakafuofua ‘e toe lahiange ‘a e tupu ‘i he totongi ‘o e me’akaiˊ, fefononga’akiˊ, kava-malohiˊ (alcohol) pea mo e kava-Tongaˊ.

‘Oku kei tu‘uma‘u pē ‘a e fakafuofua ‘a e Pangikē Pule´ ‘e tupu mālohi ‘a e tu‘unga totonu ‘o e tupu faka‘ekonōmika ‘i he kaha’u´ pea ko e ngaahi fakafuofua fakamuimui taha ‘oku ‘amanaki ke tuku atu ia ‘e he Pangikē Puleˊ ‘i he’ene Fakamatala Fokotu‘utu‘u Ngāue Fakapa‘angaˊ (Monetary Policy Statement). Ko e pa‘anga talifaki ‘i mulí ‘oku fakafuofua ‘e kei ‘i he tu’unga fakafiemālie pē ‘o makatu’unga eni meiˊhe fakafuofua ‘e kei ‘i he tu’unga mā’olunga ai pē ‘a e ngaahi talafi pa’anga mei mulí pea pehē ki he pa’anga tokoni meiˊhe ngaahi hoa ngāue langa fakalakalaká. Ka neongo ia, ‘e ala uesia ‘a e fakafuofua ko ‘eni΄ mei he fakafuofua ‘e toe lahi ange mo e totongi ‘o e koloa hū mai mei mulí. ‘E ala uesia ‘a e fakafuofua ko ‘eni´ ‘i he kamata ‘a hono tā fakafoki ‘a e nō ‘a e Pule’anga´ mei he Pangikē Fefakatau’aki ‘a Siainá (EXIM Bank of China). ‘Oku toe fakafuofua ‘e ‘i he tu’unga ma’ulalo pe ‘a e hikihiki ‘i he totongi koloaˊ ‘i he kaha’u vave maiˊ pea ‘e ma’ulalo pē ia ‘i he tu’unga fe’unga (reference rate) ko e pēseti ‘e 5 ‘i he fakafuofua ‘a e Pangikē Puleˊ ‘i he 2018. Ka neongo iaˊ ‘oku malava ke uesia ‘a e ngaahi fakafuofua ko ’eniˊ mei he feliliuaki ‘o e ‘ea΄, pea mo ha toe ma’olunga ange ‘a e totongi koloa hū mai mei mulí.

Na‘e aofangatuku ‘e he Kovana΄, ‘e kei hokohoko atu ai pē ‘a e tokanga ‘a e Pangikē Puleˊ ki hono siofi mo muimui‘i ofi e ngaahi fakalakalaka faka’ekonōmika fakalotofonuaˊ mo tu‘apule‘angaˊ, mo tu‘u mateuteu ke liliu ‘a e ngaahi fokotu‘utu‘u ngāue fakapa‘angaˊ ‘o ka fiema’u, ke tauhi e ma’uma’uluta ‘a e tu’unga fakapa’angaˊ pea pehē ki he malu mo lelei ‘o e tafa’aki fakapa’angaˊ, pea mo fakapapau’i ‘e ‘ikai ke toe kaunga kovi ‘a e ngaahi fakalakalaka ‘oku hoko´ ki he tupu faka’ekonōmika ‘oku ma’uma’uluta mo tolongaˊ.

1 - Na’e fakahoko ‘a e liliu ki he founga hono fika’i eni´, ke fakakau ‘a hono hū mai ‘a e koloa´ pea mo e ngaahi ngāue mei muli´. Ko e founga ne ngāue’aki ‘i he ngaahi lipooti kimu’a´ ne fakakau pē ‘a hono hū mai ‘a e koloa ‘ata’atā pē

Ngaahi Faka'eke'eke

Va'a 'Ekonomika
Pangike Pule Fakafonua 'o Tonga
NUKU'ALOFA

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